Camera History

The "camera obscura" effect is a optical affect that Greek and Chinese philosophers discovered in ancient times. Inside a completely  dark room, a tiny hole is created in one wall. though the hole light is focused, and the outside scene is projected (upside down) on the opposite wall.
In the 17th century, Isaac Newton and Christian Huygens perfected the understanding of optics and the process of making high quality glass lenses. this invention helped the modern camera come one step closer.
The parts of the first modern camera invented by Niepce were a glass lens,  dark box, and film.
Modern digital cameras have a lot in common with Niepce's camera. Light passes through the lens, into the camera, and exposes the film. 
Digital cameras use an electronic sensor called a CCD to capture images. Photographs are stored on reusable memory devises. 
The difference between Auto mode and Program mode is that in auto mode, the camera will completely control flash and exposure. Program mode will automatic-assist, just point and shoot. unlike full auto mode, you can usually control flash and a few other camera settings.
Portrait mode is used to attempt to blur out the background, camera will try to use the fastest available lens setting. 
Sports mode is used to freeze motion, the camera will use the highest shutter speed possible.
On the trigger button, we should do half press because the camera will response faster, you have more control over focus, and it encourages better composition. 

This is the disabled flash symbol, theres no flash. We may and can use it when flash just isn't necessary.





This is the Auto-Flash symbol, the camera will automatically add flash if it thinks it needs more light. 




If there is too mush light, the photo will be washed out.
If there is not enough light the picture will be too dark. 
A "stop" is used in every aspect of photography to represent a relative change in the brightness of light. 
The new planet with two suns is 1 stop brighter.
If there where four suns instead of two, the new planet would be 2 stops brighter. 
The longer shutter speed has more light.
The shorter shutter speed has less light.
The aperture controls the brightness. Brightness is reduced as light passes through an aperture.
When adjusting the aperture, you can increase the amount of light by making larger openings.